Autoimmunity refers to the state where an individual's immune system attacks its own body's tissues, mistaking them for foreign invaders. This can lead to the development of autoimmune dise
The immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from harmful pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The immune system has two ma
Cancer immunology is the study of the immune system's response to cancer. It seeks to understand how cancer cells evade the immune system, how the immune system can be activated to recognize an
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution and determinants of health and disease in populations. Epidemiologists use a variety of methods to study disease patterns, including observational stud
Immunodeficiency refers to a weakened or impaired immune system that makes an individual more susceptible to infections and certain diseases. Immunodeficiency disorders can be caused by a variety o
Immunogenetics is the study of the genetic basis of the immune system, including the genes that encode the molecules and receptors involved in immune function. The immune system is highly complex,
Immunoinformatics is a field of research that applies computational methods and bioinformatics tools to study the immune system and its interactions with pathogens or foreign substances. It involve
Immunological techniques are a diverse range of laboratory methods used to study the immune system and its interactions with foreign substances, such as pathogens or drugs. Some common immunologica
Immunology is the branch of biology that studies the immune system, which is the body's defense against infectious diseases and foreign substances. The immune system is made up of various cells
The immune system plays a crucial role in protecting the body from infectious diseases. It is responsible for identifying and destroying invading pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and par
Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that uses the body's immune system to fight cancer. The immune system is responsible for identifying and destroying abnormal cells in the body, inclu
Immunotoxicology is the study of how toxic substances affect the immune system, which is responsible for protecting the body against infections and diseases. It is a branch of toxicology that focus
Neuroimmunology is a branch of science that studies the interactions between the nervous system and the immune system. It investigates the mechanisms by which the immune system influences the funct
Parasite immunology is the study of the interactions between parasitic organisms and their host immune system. Parasites are organisms that live on or within a host organism, and many of them have
Pediatric immunology is a field of medicine that focuses on the immune system of children, including how it develops, functions, and responds to various pathogens and vaccines. The immune system is
Reproductive immunology is a field of study that examines the interactions between the immune system and reproductive processes. It explores how the immune system influences fertility, pregnancy, a
Transplantation immunology is a branch of immunology that deals with the study of the immune response to transplanted tissues or organs. The success of organ transplantation depends on the ability
Tumor immunology is a field of study that explores the interaction between the immune system and cancer cells. Cancer cells can evade the immune system by various mechanisms, including downregulati
Viral immunology is the study of how the immune system responds to viral infections. It involves understanding the mechanisms by which viruses infect host cells, how the immune system recognizes an
Antigens must be processed and given to immune cells in order to activate the essential features of adaptive immunity (specificity, memory, diversity, and self/nonself discrimination). MHC class I
Inflammation is the process by which your body's white blood cells and the chemicals they produce protect you from infection by outside invaders like bacteria and viruses. However, in some diso
Translational immunology is the process by which researchers apply immunological discoveries and provide practical solutions to human problems. Vaccine development against infectious diseases is on
Cytokines These are small cell-signalling protein molecules that are secreted by a variety of cells and are a type of signalling molecule that is widely used in intercellula
Haematopoiesis is the fusion and development of blood cells that occurs during embryonic development and continues into maturity to generate and replenish the blood system. Cellular blood component
The immune system is crucial for maintaining health and protecting the human body against microbial invasion. This same mechanism, however, can cause exaggerated immunological and inflammatory resp
Immunology education promotes immunology education, knowledge, and research globally; it is a immediate source of immunology information for healthcare professionals, students, and researchers. Imm
The immune system is comprised of two types of responses: innate (non-specific) and adaptive (specific). Innate immunity is present by default and is activated immediately following infection.
Immunotherapy relates to both non-specific immune stimulation, such as BCG and cytokines, and immune modulators, such as check point inhibitor antibodies and drugs such as the thalidomide-derived I
Immunology research is changing and evolving as new tools and methodologies supplement and expedite traditional procedures. Researchers are increasingly turning to multiomic single cell and spatial
Microbial immunology is the study of the molecular mechanisms used by microorganisms to cause disease in humans and animals. Bacterial, protozoan, parasitic, and viral pathogens have developed a wi
