Immunotoxicology

Immunotoxicology is the study of how toxic substances affect the immune system, which is responsible for protecting the body against infections and diseases. It is a branch of toxicology that focuses on the adverse effects of chemical, physical, and biological agents on the immune system. 

Immunotoxicity can result in increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and allergies. Immune system dysfunction can occur through a variety of mechanisms, including direct toxicity to immune cells, alteration of cytokine production, and interference with lymphoid organ development. 

Immunotoxicology is important in evaluating the safety of drugs, food additives, environmental pollutants, and other substances that humans may be exposed to. It helps to identify potential hazards and to establish safe exposure levels. Immunotoxicity testing is an essential component of the safety evaluation process for many chemicals and pharmaceuticals.